Permanent hair waving



June 6,1933. G. GlDwl-rz PERMANENT HAIR WAVING Filed June' 5, 1932Genre/? 'yw/W Patented `lune 6, 1933 PATENr OFFICE GERALD GIDWITZ, OFCHICAGO,` ILLINOIS PERMANENT HAIR WAVING Application tiled June 3, 1932.Serial No. 615,223.

This invention relates to a novel and im proved process for producinglasting or per manent waves, and more particularly to a novel andimproved device by means of which this process may be carried out.

In a co-pending application filed of even date herewith, I havedisclosed the process of waving hair, which consists in applying achemical pack, perforated and moistened, around a wound strand of hairwhereby the heat given off by the chemical pack by reason of thepresence of moisture will cause the hair to take a set in its Woundshape.

The diiiiculties encounteredin theuse of the flat pad disclosed in saidco-pending vapplication,is that the same becomes hot before it has beenfully .disposed in place around the strand of hair, thereby making itdifficult to handle by the operator. An-

o other objection to the use of a fiat pad is that the moisture must beapplied directly to the chemical pack with the hands of the operatorwhile the pad is still in a flat condition, thus making it at best amessy and unpleasant task.

It is therefore the main object of this invention to provide a novel andimproved pad of the self-heating type, which will eliminate theobjections above set forth.

Another object of this invention is to provide a self-heating chemicalpack, which will have associated ltherewith a wrapper, both said Wrapperand pack being assembled in tubular form and retained in said form untilthe use thereof has been fully com pleted.

Another object of this invention is to provide a pad of the characterdescribed, which will be in the form of an open ended tube adapted to beslipped in place over a wound strand of hair, said pad having a chemicalpack associated therewith on the inside there of, whereby theapplication of 'moisture to the chemical in the pack will provide therequired amount of heat and steam to cause the hair to take a set in itswound shape.

A further object of this invention is the improved steps in the processof producing permanent waves, which consist in wra ping a moistenedabsorbent around a woun tress of hair, then surrounding the same with achemical pack, whereby the moisture from said absorbent will act on thechemicals in said pack to produce heat and steam.

A still further object of this invention is the improved process ofproducing permanent waves, which consists in wrapping a moistenedabsorbent around a Wound tress of hair, providing a fully formed openended tubular wrapper, having a chemical pack disposed on the insidethereof, then placing said wrapper over said absorbent, whereby themoisture present in the absorbent will act on the chemicals to producethe desired amount of heat and steam.

A still further object of this invention is the novel and improvedprocess for producing permanent waves, which consists in wrapping amoistened absorbent around'fa wound tress of hair, providing a formedtubular wrapper having a chemical pack disposed on the inside thereof,perforating said chemical pack and then disposing said wrapper yoversaid absorbent, whereby thev moisture present in saidabsorbent willacton the chemicals in said pack to produce the required heat and steam.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a pad for useinproducing permanent waves, said pad comprising a wrapper formed in theshape of an open ended cylinder, said wrapper having a che1nical packdisposed on the inside thereof and -means associated with said wrapperfor holding the same in its cylindrical form.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a pad for use inthe art of producing permanent waves, said pad comprising a wrapperrolled up in the form of an open ended tube and having disposed on theinside thereof a chemical pack, and means for holdingsad wrap )er in itsformed tubular condition, where y the same may be readily slipped over awound tress of hair.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, which will appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention consists in certain novel featuresof construction, arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter morefully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawing andparticularly pointed out in the appended claims, -it being understoodthat various changes in the form, proportion, size and minor details ofthe structure, as well as in the steps forcarrying out my improvedprocess may be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing anyof the advantages of the invention. n

For the purpose ofv facilitating an understanding of my invention, Ihave illustrated in the accompanying drawing a preferred embodimentthereof, from an inspection of which, when considered in connection withthe following description, my invention, its

mode of construction and many of its advantages should be readilyunderstood and y appreciated. Referring to the drawing in which the samecharacters of reference are employed to indicate corresponding orsimilar parts throughout the several figures of the drawin 1 (Figure 1is an exploded view in perspective illustrating a pad embodying myinvention, in position to be slipped over a wound tress of hair;

Figure 2 is a face view of a pad e1nbodying my invention showing thesame in a fiat condition;

Figure 3 is a cross sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a View in perspective showing my improved pad in operativeposition on a wound tress of hair;

Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view through my improved padshowing the perforator extending therethrough for produc-` ingperforations in the chemical pack;

Figure 6 is a view in perspective of an improved absorbent to be usedwith my improved pad; l

Figure 7 is an elevational view illustrating the use of the perforator;

Figure 8 is a detail view showing the perforated pack in ,a fiatcondition; and

Figure 9 is a cross sectional view similar to Figure 3, of a modifiedform of pad.

Stated generally, this invention consists of the provision of a padwhich is of generally tubular shape and which has on the inside thereofdisposed a chemical pack, which is adapted to be perforated so as topermit the chemicals therein to be acted on by moisture when said pad isdisposed in place over a strand of hair. The improved pad is to be usedin the production of permanent waves by my improved process whichincludes the use of a chemical pack for the production of the heat andsteam necessary in the waving operation'.

In a general way, my improved process consists of first winding the hairon a regular curler, then surrounding the same with 65 a moistenedabsorbent, and then slipping vlime and ammonium sulphate.

my tubular pad, after the same has been perforated, over the moistenedabsorbent so that the moisture present in the absorbent will act on thechemicals in the pack to create a supply of heat and steam.

Referring to the drawing more specifical- 1y by characters of reference,the numeral 1() designates a strip of paper or parchment which may befolded back on itself to provide the layer 11. Over this folded strip ofparchment is then placed a strip of tinfoil 12, which is of a sizesubstantially equal to the size of the folded stri of parchment, theupper end of the tinfoil strip being spaced a short distance from thefolded end of the parchment strip, as shown in Figure 2 of the drawing.This strip of tinfoil 12 may be secured to the parchment in any suitableand well known manner, such for example as by pasting or the like.

To the tinfoil 12 is then secured a chemical pack 13, said pack beingsecured to the wrapper adjacent one side edge thereof and being spacedfrom the top and bottom edges of said wrapper. The chemical pack 13 maybe of any suitable material, such for example as tinfoil or the like,and is adapted to contain the chemicals 14, which may be of anycharacter suitable for the production of heat and steam upon theapplication of moisture thereto. An example of the ingredients used isthe combination of A s the particular type of chemicals em loyed formsno part of the present invention, it is not thought necessary todescribe the same in more detail. It is to be understood, however, thatthe chemicals are securely encased within the pack 13 so as to besecurely held therein without the possibility of spilling therefrom. Byusing a tinfoil wrapper for the pack the same will be substantiallymoistureproof and will be kept in -a good condition until ready for use.

The pad illustrated in Figure 2, after the same has been assembled, isrolled up int-o the form of an open ended cylinder, as illustrated inFigure 1, and a strip 15 of paper or the like is employed for holdingthe pad in its tubular condition, in which condition the same will besold to dealers and operators to be used in the manner to be hereinaftermore fully described. It will be noted that the pack 13 is suitablysecured to the wrapper by pasting or the like, and that when rolled upin the form of a tube the entire pad will present an appearance whichwill not only be attractive, but will also protect the chemical packfrom injury during handling or shipping of the same.

In carrying out my improved process with the pad just described, thehalr is wound in the regular manner on curlers of the usualconstruction. Around the wound tress of hair is then placed an absorbentgenerally designated by the reference ncharacter 16, which absorbent maybe in the form of a plurality of layers of flannel or the like, suitablystitched together to form a suitable absorbent. This absorbent 16 isthen dipped into a suitable lotion and squeezed so vas to eliminate anyexcess moisture to prevent dripping. The 'moistened absorbent is thenplaced around the wound tress of hair and secured in place thereon inany suitable and well known manner, such for example as by a wire clampor the like. The next step in the operation is to slip the tubularwrapper over the absorbent so that the same will surround the absorbent.It is to be noted that the foil end of the tube is disposed away fromthe scalp and is then twisted so as to retard but not entirely stop theflow of steam when it begins to generate.

It is also to be understood that before the placing of the tube over theabsorbent the same is first perforated by means of a perforator 17,similar to the one illustrated in Figure 5, whereby the chemical pack 13is rovided on the outer surface thereof wit a series of perforations, asillustrated more fully in Figure 8 of the drawing. The illustration inFigure 7 shows how these perforations may be accomplished vwith myimproved perforator implement 17. After the ends of the pad have beentwisted as shown in Figure 4, the center of the tube may be firmlysqueezed in the palm of the hand to cause the moisture present in theabsorbent 16 to act upon the chemicals 14 in the pack, said moisturepenetrating said pack through the perforations provided therein. Onlywithin a few seconds after the center of the tube has been squeezed bythe operator the generation of steam will begin and this will continueuntil the required amount of steam and heat has been provided to causethe hair to take a set in its wound shape.

After the pad has been cooled, the same may be removed by pulling on oneend of the'ribbon 18 which is disposed in place under the strip 15 tocause the tearing of said strip, thereby permitting the unwinding of thetube.

From the foregoing description it will b seen that I have provided notonly an improved process for producing ermanent waves, but also a simplebut high y eiiicient article for use in the said process. By the use ofmy improved tubular pad a large amount of labor and time will'beeliminated in arranging the pad around the wound tress of hair, inaddition to assuring the proper encasing at all times of the trees ofhair, thereby resulting in effective steaming.

.Attention is also dlrected to the fact that the use of my improved padswill make it possible to eliminate all mechanical equipment heretoforeused for supplying the heat 1n the waving operation, thereby making itpossible to perform the process of permalnent waving with highlysatisfactory results without necessitating the expenditure involved inequipping special booths for prac' ticing such processes.

Another feature of this improved pad is that after the same has beenused it will not be possible for further use, thereby avoiding allobjections which have arisen in connection with the repeated using ofarticles of this nature, in addition to assuring ofthe fact that a padin proper condition will always be presented at the initial step of theoperation, thus making for most desirable results.

It is believed that my invention, its mode of construction and assemblyand operation, and many of its advantages should be readily understoodfrom the foregoing without further description, and should also bemanifest that while a preferred embodiment of the invention has beenshown and described for illustrative purposes, the details ofconstruction are, nevertheless, capable of wide variation within thepurview of my invention as defined in the appended claims.

In the modified form illustrated in Figure 9, there is shown a pad whichis similar in construction to the pad illustrated in the other guresbutwhichv has inserted in the chemical pack 13, a piece of material 19,such as gauze, flannel or the like, the purpose of which is to preventthe spilling of the chemicals 14 from the pack after the outer facethereof had been perforated prior to use. Although the figure illustatesthe flannel piece 19 'as being disposed on the un derside of the outerface of the pack, the samemay be made up in the form of a bag and thewhole bag then surrounded by the tin foil envelope 13.

What I claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United Statesis 1. A ready formed tubular pad for permanent hair waving, comprising awrapper, a metal foil backing for said wrapper and a pack ofu chemicalson the-inside of the metal foil, said pack being so disposed as topermit the perforation of one surface there- O 2. A pad for permanenthair waving, comprising an encasing sheet folded on itself to form adouble portion, a sheet of metal foil of substantially the same size asthe folded sheetsecured to the latter and a relatively small metal foilenvelope adapted for holding chemicals secured tc said wrapper, saidwrapper and chemical pack being then rolled into the form of a tube of adiameter to adapt it to be slipped over a wound tress of hair, and meansfor holding said pad in its tubular condition.

3. A pad for permanent hair waving, comprising an encasing sheet foldedon itself to form a double portion, a sheet of metal foill provided onone face of said folded sheet, and an impervious envelope adapted 5 forholding chemicals provided on said metal foil sheet, said envelope andsheets being adapted to be rolled into the form of an open ended hollowcylinder of a diameter adapted to lit over a wound tress of hair upon acurler, and means for holding said pad in its rolled up tubularcondition.

4. A ready formed tubular pad comprising a Wrapper, an imperviousenvelope disposed on the inside of said Wrapper and being adapted forholding chemicals having the property of giving olf heat when brought inContact with moisture, said envelope being so disposed on the inside ofthe Wrapper as to permit the perforation of one face thereof byextending a cylindrical perforator through the Wrapper and rolling thesame along a flat surface.

5. A ready formed tubular pad for permanent hair Waving comprising aWrapper having chemicals associated therewith,

which chemicals have the property of giving off heat When brought incontact with moisture, said chemicals being carried in an imperviousexterior on the inside of the wrapper, said impervious exterior being sodisposed as to permit the perforation of one face thereof.

6. A pad for permanently waving hair, comprising a Wrapper, animpervious envelope adapted for holding chemicals secured to one face ofsaid Wrapper, both said Wrapper andenvelope being rolled into the formof a tube of4 a diameter adapted to fit over a Wound tress of hair, andmeans for holding said Wrapper in its tubular rolled up form.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature. GERALD GIDWITZ.

